Anthea Roberts, writing in the American Journal of International Law, maps the ideological battle between traditionalists and reformers over the future of the investment treaty system. She categorizes the competing factions within international law, noting how actors use different legal analogies to reshape the boundary between state sovereignty and investor protection. The paradigm analysis brilliantly clarifies the chaotic landscape of treaty reform, yet it remains descriptive rather than proposing its own normative solution to the conflict. The article provides readers navigating the live frontier of trade law with a vital intellectual map of the competing camps fighting to control the system. The mapping exercise proves that the structural constraints identified in the thesis are currently undergoing fierce, active renegotiation.